Table 4.

Unadjusted and adjusted case-crossover analysis: odds ratio estimates from conditional logistic regression models of risk of miscarriage among women who experienced pregnancies that ended in miscarriage and normal pregnancies (n = 186)

		Unadjusted models		Adjusted model ^a
		OR	[95% CI]	OR	[95% CI]
Th1-type cytokines ^b	IL-1β	1.50	[0.79, 2.83]	3.37	[0.76, 14.84]
	IFN-γ	1.35	[0.94, 1.94]	1.40	[0.83, 2.37]
	TNF-α	1.16	[0.73, 1.86]	0.94	[0.38, 2.34]
Th2-type cytokines ^b	IL-1RA	1.14	[0.81, 1.61]	0.52	[0.25, 1.08]
	IL-4	0.90	[0.51, 1.58]	0.97	[0.42, 2.24]
	IL-6	1.60	[0.55, 4.61]	0.94	[0.11, 8.29]
Growth factors ^b	G-CSF	0.79	[0.52, 1.19]	0.65	[0.33, 1.26]
	TPO	1.62	[1.13, 2.34]	2.78	[1.48, 5.22]

Abbreviations: IL, interleukin; RA, receptor antagonist; G-CSF, granulocyte colony stimulating factor; IFN, interferon; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TPO, thrombopoietin

Adjusted model included terms for all cytokines, maternal age, and gestational age at sample collection

Biomarkers were standardized by dividing assay-determined concentration by the standard deviation among controls