Table 1. Species differences in ChAT staining in brainstem structures.
Guinea pig1-2 | Rat3-5 | Cat6-9 | Ferret10 | Baboon11 | Monkey12-13 | Human14-15 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | |||||||
Sensory (non-auditory) cranial nerve nuclei | |||||||
external cuneate nu. | xx | y | o | ||||
spinal V | x | y | |||||
nu. of the solitary tract | xxxx | y | y | o | |||
superior vestibular nu. | xx | y | o | o | |||
lateral vestibular nu. | o | o | o | o | x | ||
medial vestibular nu. | xx | y | y | o | |||
spinal vestibular nu. | x | y | y | ||||
OTHER | |||||||
cuneiform nu. | y | o | x/o | ||||
Kölliker-Fuse nu. | y | y | y | ||||
locus coeruleus | y | y | x | ||||
nu. prepositus hypoglossi | x | y | y | xxx | |||
parabrachial nu. | xxx | y | y | y | o | xx | |
raphe magnus nu. | y/o | y | o | o | o | ||
raphe obscurus nu. | y/o | y | o | o | |||
superior colliculus | xxx | y/o | y | o | |||
AUDITORY GROUPS | |||||||
dorsal cochlear nu. | x | y | |||||
ventral cochlear nu. | x | ||||||
Superior olivary complex | x | ||||||
LSO | xx | y | y | ||||
MSO | o | y | |||||
periolivary nu. | xx | y | y | ||||
nuclei of lateral lemniscus | x | y | y | o | x | ||
inferior colliculus | o | o | o | ||||
nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus | xx | ||||||
sagulum | xxx | ||||||
RETICULAR FORMATION | |||||||
caudal pontine reticular nu. | y | ||||||
gigantocellular reticular nu. | x | y | y | o | xxx | ||
intermediate reticular nu. | x | y | |||||
lateral paragigantocellular nu. | x | y | |||||
lateral reticular nu. | x | y | y | x | |||
magnocellular tegmental field | y | o | |||||
oral pontine reticular nu. | x | y | |||||
paramedian reticular nu. | y | ||||||
parvocellular reticular nu. | y | y | |||||
reticular nu. medulla pars ventralis | y |
Summary of ChAT-IR stained cell bodies across species. Symbols: “y” indicates the presence of ChAT-IR cells; “o” indicates lack of ChAT-IR cells; a blank box indicates staining in the structure was not described in the study. In guinea pig and human, the number of labeled cells in a nucleus was rated on a 4 “x” scale, with one x meaning relatively few cells and four x's meaning many labeled cells. The motor and parasympathetic nuclei of the cranial nerves and the “traditionally-named” cholinergic nuclei (PPT, LDT, PBG) are not listed because they were considered positive in all species studied. Only those nuclei that were mentioned in two or more studies are listed. Symbols separated by a “/” indicate that different findings were present in different studies. * Source:
current study;
Mesulam et al., 1984; 1998;