Insertions in the various b alleles. The upstream region and the 5′ end of the transcribed sequence of b are shown. The numbered boxes denote exons, and the arrow shows the start of transcription. The deleted Hb2 (dHb2) MITE sequence, which is conserved in all b alleles studied, is shown as a black box in the upstream region. The positions are shown to scale, as are the sizes of the small (<500-bp) insertions. The >7-kb insertion in B-Bolivia, 2.5-kb insertion in B-Peru and B-Bolivia and the Mako element in B-Mex7b, are shown in gray to indicate that they cause or correlate with the pigment phenotype. The Tourist element and the Snowbird MITEs are unshaded to indicate that they are conserved between multiple alleles and do not affect phenotype. The Hb2 and 359-bp insertions, which are striped, are unique to B-M033, and their affect on expression is not known.