Table 4. Factors associated with risk of death among colorectal cancer patients diagnosed during 1994–2002, stratified by receipt of surgery: HRs,a 95% CIs, and P-values.
| No surgeryb (n=3373) | Surgeryb (n=11876) | |
|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 0.90 (0.84, 0.98) | 0.81 (0.77, 0.85) |
| P=0.010 | P<0.001 | |
| Age | ||
| <55 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 55–64 | 1.10 (0.94, 1.29) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.23) |
| 65–74 | 1.41 (1.22, 1.63) | 1.42 (1.30, 1.55) |
| 75+ | 1.70 (1.47, 1.96) | 2.16 (1.97, 2.37) |
| P<0.001 | P<0.001 | |
| Stage | ||
| I | 0.48 (0.32, 0.71) | 0.36 (0.33, 0.40) |
| II | 0.76 (0.58, 0.98) | 0.58 (0.54, 0.62) |
| III | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IV | 2.31 (1.91, 2.78) | 2.83 (2.64, 3.03) |
| Unknown | 1.33 (1.10, 1.61) | 0.69 (0.63, 0.76) |
| P<0.001 | P<0.001 | |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not married/unknown | 1.12 (1.04, 1.21) | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) |
| P=0.005 | P<0.001 | |
| Smoking status | ||
| Non-smoker/unknown | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Current smoker | 1.09 (1.00, 1.20) | 1.14 (1.07, 1.22) |
| Ex-smoker | 1.10 (0.99, 1.22) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.10) |
| P=0.061 | P<0.001 | |
| Grade | ||
| Well | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 0.94 (0.79, 1.13) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) |
| Poor/undifferentiated | 1.43 (1.17, 1.75) | 1.40 (1.27, 1.56) |
| Missing | 1.15 (0.96, 1.36) | 1.12 (1.01, 1.25) |
| P<0.001 | P<0.001 | |
| Period of diagnosis | ||
| 1994–96 | 1.00 | |
| 1997–99 | — | 0.87 (0.82, 0.92) |
| 2000–02 | 0.82 (0.76, 0.87) | |
| P<0.001 |
CI=confidence interval; HR=hazard ratio.
a
All HRs adjusted for factors shown in relevant column (other than site), plus health board and site (colon/rectum).
b
Models also stratified by receipt of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.