Fig. 2.

Fos expression in nNOS-ir neurons in mice that were sleep deprived for 6 h or allowed to sleep for 2.5 h after the SD in Experiment 2. (A) In the cerebral cortex, most nNOS neurons did not express Fos during SD (a) but expressed Fos during RS (b). (B) Schematic drawing of Fos/nNOS neuron distribution in representative brain sections at seven levels relative to bregma. Blue circles represent single-stained nNOS neurons and orange squares represent double-stained Fos/nNOS neurons. Few double-stained neurons are found in the cortex after SD (Upper), whereas many double-stained neurons are found in the cortex after RS (Lower). (C) Quantitative analysis demonstrates a significantly greater percentage of Fos-ir cells in all examined regions of the cortex and in the posterior part of the caudate-putamen in mice during RS after SD than during SD itself. *, P < 0.05 compared with corresponding group of sleep-deprived animals. Abbreviations: Cg Cx, cingulate cortex; M Cx, motor cortex; S Cx, somatosensory cortex; I Cx, insular cortex; Pir Cx, piriform cortex; Ent Cx, entorhinal cortex; TeA Cx, TA cortex; V Cx, visual cortex; CPu, a, caudate-putamen, anterior (+1.0 mm from bregma); CPu, p, caudate-putamen, posterior (−1.5 mm from bregma).