Table 1.

Comparison of definitions of metabolic syndrome

World Health Organization	National Cholesterol Education Program	International Diabetes Federation
Diabetes or impaired fasting glycemia orimpaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance (hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp-glucose uptake in lowest 25%)		Central obesity: waist circumference ≥ 94 cm (male) or ≥ 80 cm (female)a, or ≥ 90 cm (male) or ≥ 80 cm (female)b
Plus two or more of the following	Three or more of the following	Plus two or more of the following
Obesity: body mass index >30 or waist-to-hip ratio >0.9 (male) or >0.85 (female)	Central obesity: waist circumference >102 cm (male) or >88 cm (female)	Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or medication
Dyslipidemia: triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L or HDL cholesterol <0.9 mmol/L (male) or <1.0 mmol/L (female)	Hypertriglyceridemia: triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L	Hypertriglyceridemia: triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L or medication
Hypertension: blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg	Low HDL cholesterol: <1.0 mmol/L (male)or <1.3 mmol/L (female)	Low HDL cholesterol: <1.0 mmol/L (male) or <1.3 mmol/L (female) or medication
Microalbuminuria: albumin excretion >20 μg/minute	Hypertension: blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mm Hg	Hypertension: blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mm Hg or medication
	Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L

^aEuropeans, Sub-Saharan Africans, and Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East (Arab) populations; ^bSouth Asians and Ethnic South and Central Americans. HDL, high-density lipoprotein.