Table 2.
Characteristic | Oportunidades Households (n = 5280) | Control Households (n = 1063) | P Valuea |
---|---|---|---|
Individual characteristics | |||
Mean age, y, in 2003 (SD) | 41.87 (8.88) | 41.75 (9.01) | .76 |
Female, % | 68.04 | 71.02 | .42 |
No primary education, % | 25.20 | 22.69 | .82 |
Married, % | 69.77 | 74.60 | .20 |
Height, cm, mean (SD) | 152.00 (8.59) | 151.93 (8.25) | .91 |
HOH characteristics | |||
Speaks indigenous language, % | 41.23 | 30.28 | .34 |
Education, y, mean (SD) | 3.47 (2.86) | 3.47 (2.85) | .97 |
Spouse education, y, mean (SD) | 3.26 (2.72) | 3.31 (2.77) | .85 |
Household characteristics | |||
No. of people in household, mean (SD) | 6.35 (2.05) | 6.08 (2.27) | .17 |
No. of children aged <5 y, mean (SD) | 1.19 (0.97) | 1.29 (1.08) | .25 |
No. of working members of household, mean (SD) | 1.63 (1.02) | 1.75 (1.22) | .14 |
No. of disabled members of household, mean (SD) | 0.04 (0.18) | 0.05 (0.20) | .47 |
No. of people aged >55 years, mean (SD) | 0.30 (0.55) | 0.27 (0.57) | .31 |
Crowding, no. of people/room, mean (SD) | 4.31 (2.09) | 4.40 (2.13) | .60 |
Housing and assets | |||
Land owned, hectares, mean (SD) | 2.16 (2.99) | 2.49 (5.05) | .67 |
Farm animals owned (1 = cow-equivalent), mean (SD) | 0.39 (1.16) | 0.23 (0.77) | .002 |
Other animals owned (1 = cow-equivalent), mean (SD) | 1.43 (2.80) | 1.00 (3.36) | .01 |
Have dirt floor, % | 63.87 | 71.48 | <.001 |
Have bathroom, % | 61.18 | 57.19 | <.001 |
Have electricity, % | 77.20 | 77.52 | .96 |
No. of large assets, mean (SD)b | 0.97 (0.99) | 0.63 (0.89) | .002 |
No. of small assets, mean (SD)c | 1.17 (0.90) | 0.83 (0.90) | <.001 |
Own vehicle, % | 5.47 | 2.05 | <.001 |
No. of rooms in household, mean (SD) | 1.80 (0.99) | 1.67 (1.15) | .06 |
Roof is concrete or other durable material, % | 13.18 | 14.70 | .76 |
Walls are concrete or other durable material, % | 49.01 | 57.67 | .34 |
HOH indicates head of household; if the HOH was not available, the spouse of the HOH was interviewed.
Differences between groups assessed by using tests of means or tests of proportions, adjusted for clustering at the community level.
Such as television, washer, gas heater, and refrigerator.
Such as blender, electric kettle, radio, stereo, video cassette recorder, and fan.