Table 1.
Summary Results From 6 Questions Common to BRFSS, NHIS, and NHANES Among Respondents Aged 18 or Older
| Question/Characteristic | BRFSS | NHIS | NHANES | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever smoked cigarettes | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 44.0 (43.7-44.4) | 42.4 (41.6-43.1) | 4.08 (<.001) | 48.0 (45.8-50.2) | −3.79 (<.001) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 36.8 (36.1-37.5) | 33.2 (31.9-34.4) | 4.88 (<.001) | 42.1 (37.3-47.1) | −2.30 (.02) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 44.8 (44.2-45.3) | 43.5 (42.3-44.6) | 2.05 (.04) | 49.2 (46.5-51.9) | −3.39 (.001) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 50.9 (50.4-51.5) | 50.6 (49.4-51.8) | 0.50 (.62) | 55.6 (51.9-59.1) | −2.70 (.007) |
| Male | 49.9 (49.4-50.5) | 48.3 (47.3-49.4) | 2.66 (.008) | 53.4 (50.0-56.8) | −2.14 (.03) |
| Female | 38.5 (38.1-38.9) | 36.8 (35.9-37.8) | 3.21 (.001) | 42.4 (39.7-45.2) | −3.00 (.003) |
| White non-Hispanic | 48.0 (47.6-48.3) | 47.0 (46.1-47.8) | 2.05 (.04) | 50.6 (48.9-52.2) | −3.18 (.001) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 36.7 (35.6-37.8) | 33.3 (31.6-35.1) | 3.26 (.001) | 34.6 (27.7-42.2) | 0.61 (.54) |
| Hispanic | 32.5 (31.2-33.8) | 28.2 (26.6-29.9) | 4.01 (<.001) | 42.8 (36.9-48.9) | −3.55 (<.001) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 36.9 (34.9-38.9) | 30.2 (27.3-33.3) | 3.61 (<.001) | 48.2 (35.7-60.9) | −1.84 (.06) |
| <High school diploma | 49.8 (48.6-51.0) | 46.6 (45.0-48.3) | 3.07 (.002) | 58.8 (51.0-66.1) | −2.48 (.01) |
| High school diploma or some college | 48.0 (47.5-48.5) | 45.7 (44.7-46.8) | 3.95 (<.001) | 55.2 (50.1-60.3) | −3.01 (.003) |
| ≥College diploma | 34.8 (34.2-35.4) | 35.7 (34.6-36.8) | −1.41 (.16) | 43.0 (40.2-45.8) | −6.01 (<.001) |
| Currently smoke cigarettes | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 20.7 (20.4-21.0) | 20.9 (20.3-21.6) | −0.64 (.52) | 23.6 (21.4-25.9) | −2.70 (.007) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 25.2 (24.5-25.8) | 23.6 (22.5-24.8) | 2.35 (.02) | 30.3 (26.8-34.1) | −2.90 (.004) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 23.3 (22.8-23.7) | 23.8 (22.9-24.8) | −1.07 (.28) | 24.5 (20.4-29.1) | −0.59 (.55) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 12.7 (12.4-13.1) | 14.2 (13.4-15.0) | −3.41 (.001) | 10.8 (9.3-12.4) | 2.68 (.007) |
| Male | 23.0 (22.6-23.5) | 23.5 (22.7-24.4) | −0.93 (.35) | 25.8 (22.8-29.1) | −1.85 (.06) |
| Female | 18.5 (18.2-18.8) | 18.6 (17.8-19.3) | −0.10 (.92) | 21.3 (18.5-24.4) | −2.01 (.04) |
| White non-Hispanic | 21.4 (21.0-21.7) | 22.3 (21.6-23.1) | −2.23 (.03) | 23.6 (21.1-26.3) | −1.77 (.07) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 21.9 (21.0-22.9) | 20.4 (18.8-22.1) | 1.55 (.12) | 21.0 (16.1-26.9) | 0.36 (.72) |
| Hispanic | 16.8 (15.8-17.8) | 15.0 (13.8-16.3) | 2.19 (.03) | 27.3 (22.3-32.9) | −4.12 (<.001) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 19.8 (18.3-21.4) | 16.5 (14.0-19.5) | 2.00 (.04) | 21.7 (15.0-30.2) | −0.52 (.60) |
| <High school diploma | 29.1 (28.1-30.2) | 26.8 (25.3-28.4) | 2.39 (.02) | 33.3 (29.0-38.0) | −1.93 (.05) |
| High school diploma or some college | 24.4 (24.0-24.8) | 24.1 (23.3-25.0) | 0.67 (.50) | 30.6 (26.1-35.6) | −2.79 (.005) |
| ≥College diploma | 10.8 (10.5-11.2) | 13.6 (12.7-14.4) | −5.90 (<.001) | 18.9 (16.9-21.1) | −7.99 (<.001) |
| Ever told have diabetes | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | % (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 8.1 (7.9-8.2) | 8.1 (7.8-8.5) | −0.20 (.84) | 6.1 (5.1-7.4) | 3.45 (.001) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 1.4 (1.3-1.6) | 1.5 (1.3-1.8) | −0.62 (.54) | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | 0.97 (.33) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 6.4 (6.2-6.7) | 6.4 (5.9-7.0) | 0.07 (.95) | 5.9 (4.6-7.6) | 0.76 (.45) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 17.2 (16.8-17.7) | 17.3 (16.4-18.2) | −0.10 (.92) | 16.6 (13.5-20.2) | 0.39 (.70) |
| Male | 8.3 (8.0-8.6) | 8.3 (7.8-8.8) | 0.17 (.87) | 5.2 (4.2-6.4) | 5.62 (<.001) |
| Female | 7.8 (7.6-8.0) | 7.9 (7.5-8.4) | −0.51 (.61) | 7.1 (5.9-8.6) | 1.03 (.30) |
| White non-Hispanic | 7.6 (7.5-7.8) | 7.7 (7.3-8.1) | −0.09 (.93) | 5.8 (4.5-7.5) | 2.57 (.01) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 11.4 (10.7-12.2) | 10.7 (9.8-11.8) | 1.11 (.27) | 8.4 (6.8-10.3) | 3.42 (.001) |
| Hispanic | 7.6 (7.0-8.4) | 8.2 (7.3-9.1) | −0.91 (.36) | 6.1 (3.7-9.8) | 1.08 (.28) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 8.5 (7.4-9.8) | 8.5 (6.7-10.8) | 0.01 (.99) | 5.8 (2.6-12.1) | 1.29 (.20) |
| <High school diploma | 13.0 (12.2-13.8) | 12.4 (11.5-13.4) | 0.94 (.35) | 12.2 (9.5-15.7) | 0.50 (.62) |
| High school diploma or some college | 8.3 (8.0-8.5) | 8.0 (7.6-8.5) | 0.83 (.41) | 6.3 (5.0-7.8) | 3.12 (.002) |
| ≥College diploma | 5.7 (5.4-6.0) | 6.1 (5.6-6.7) | −1.30 (.20) | 4.7 (3.6-6.2) | 1.66 (.10) |
| Self-reported height | Inches (95% CI) | Inches (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | Inches (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 67.1 (67.1-67.1) | 67.0 (66.9-67.0) | 3.88 (<.001) | 67.1 (66.8-67.4) | 0 (>.99) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 67.5 (67.4-67.5) | 67.3 (67.2-67.4) | 2.34 (.02) | 67.4 (67.2-67.7) | 0.22 (.82) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 67.3 (67.3-67.4) | 67.1 (67.0-67.2) | 4.25 (<.001) | 67.4 (67.0-67.7) | −0.23 (.82) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 66.4 (66.4-66.5) | 66.4 (66.3-66.4) | 1.30 (.19) | 65.9 (65.6-66.2) | 3.61 (<.001) |
| Male | 70.0 (70.0-70.1) | 69.9 (69.9-70.0) | 3.33 (.001) | 69.8 (69.5-70.0) | 2.20 (.03) |
| Female | 64.3 (64.3-64.3) | 64.2 (64.2-64.3) | 3.13 (.002) | 64.4 (64.1-64.6) | −0.50 (.62) |
| White non-Hispanic | 67.5 (67.4-67.5) | 67.2 (67.2-67.3) | 6.10 (<.001) | 67.4 (67.2-67.7) | 0.23 (.82) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 67.1 (67.0-67.2) | 67.0 (66.9-67.2) | 0.74 (.46) | 67.1 (66.9-67.3) | 0.18 (.86) |
| Hispanic | 65.5 (65.3-65.6) | 65.7 (65.6-65.9) | −2.93 (.003) | 65.1 (64.6 -65.5) | 1.81 (.07) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 66.4 (66.2-66.6) | 65.4 (65.1-65.6) | 5.75 (<.001) | 66.1 (65.6-66.6) | 1.14 (.26) |
| <High school diploma | 65.8 (65.7-66.0) | 66.1 (66.0-66.2) | −2.93 (.003) | 66.0 (65.6-66.4) | −0.79 (.43) |
| High school diploma or some college | 67.0 (67.0-67.0) | 67.0 (66.9-67.0) | 1.34 (0.18) | 67.1 (66.8-67.4) | −0.66 (.51) |
| ≥College diploma | 67.7 (67.7-67.8) | 67.3 (67.3-67.4) | 7.83 (<.001) | 67.4 (67.0-67.7) | 2.16 (.03) |
| Self-reported weight | Pounds (95% CI) | Pounds (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | Pounds (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 173.0 (172.7-173.3) | 170.9 (170.4-171.5) | 6.71 (<.001) | 176.6 (174.2-178.9) | −3.20 (.001) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 168.5 (167.9-169.1) | 166.3 (165.3-167.4) | 3.60 (<.001) | 171.5 (167.4-175.5) | −1.55 (.12) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 178.0 (177.5-178.4) | 174.6 (173.7-175.5) | 6.59 (<.001) | 183.2 (180.6-185.9) | −4.16 (<.001) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 171.4 (171.0-171.9) | 170.8 (169.9-171.7) | 1.17 (.24) | 174.7 (171.7-177.6) | −2.31 (.02) |
| Male | 191.0 (190.6-191.5) | 189.2 (188.5-189.9) | 4.36 (<.001) | 192.4 (190.2-194.6) | −1.27 (.20) |
| Female | 155.3 (155.0-155.6) | 153.4 (152.8-154.1) | 4.96 (<.001) | 160.3 (156.6-164.0) | −2.85 (.004) |
| White non-Hispanic | 173.7 (173.4-174.0) | 171.3 (170.6-171.9) | 6.60 (<.001) | 176.7 (174.0-179.3) | −2.39 (.02) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 183.0 (182.0-184.0) | 178.9 (177.4-180.4) | 4.41 (<.001) | 189.9 (183.8-196.0) | −2.40 (.02) |
| Hispanic | 166.5 (165.5-167.6) | 168.0 (166.8-169.3) | −1.80 (.07) | 168.9 (164.9-172.9) | −1.22 (.22) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 161.3 (159.8-162.9) | 152.6 (150.3-154.9) | 6.16 (<.001) | 158.7 (148.4-169.0) | 0.53 (.60) |
| <High school diploma | 170.6 (169.6-171.5) | 168.9 (167.7-170.1) | 2.05 (.04) | 174.2 (170.0-178.4) | −1.80 (.07) |
| High school diploma or some college | 174.4 (174.0-174.8) | 172.2 (171.4-173.0) | 4.66 (<.001) | 181.0 (178.1-183.9) | −4.78 (<.001) |
| ≥College diploma | 171.6 (171.1-172.1) | 170.0 (169.2-170.9) | 3.08 (.002) | 175.3 (172.0-178.6) | −2.35 (.02) |
| BMI (calculated from height and weight) | BMI (95% CI) | BMI (95% CI) | z Test (P)a | BMI (95% CI) | z Test (P)a |
| Overall | 27.0 (26.9-27.0) | 27.0 (26.9-27.1) | −1.12 (.26) | 27.6 (27.2-27.9) | −3.20 (.001) |
| Aged 18-34 y | 26.0 (25.9-26.1) | 26.0 (25.8-26.2) | 0.32 (.75) | 26.4 (25.9 -27.0) | −1.69 (.09) |
| Aged 35-54 y | 27.5 (27.5-27.6) | 27.6 (27.4-27.7) | −0.39 (.69) | 28.4 (28.0 -28.8) | −4.01 (<.001) |
| Aged ≥55 y | 27.2 (27.2-27.3) | 27.4 (27.3-27.5) | −2.39 (.02) | 28.2 (27.7-28.7) | −4.31 (<.001) |
| Male | 27.4 (27.4-27.5) | 27.4 (27.4-27.6) | −0.34 (.73) | 27.8 (27.5-28.1) | −2.70 (.007) |
| Female | 26.5 (26.4-26.6) | 26.6 (26.5-26.7) | −1.31 (.19) | 27.3 (26.6-28.0) | −2.43 (.015) |
| White non-Hispanic | 26.7 (26.7-26.7) | 26.8 (26.7-26.9) | −2.04 (.04) | 27.3 (26.8-27.8) | −2.58 (.01) |
| Black non-Hispanic | 28.6 (28.4-28.7) | 28.7 (28.4-28.9) | −0.54 (.59) | 29.8 (29.0-30.6) | −3.19 (.001) |
| Hispanic | 27.6 (27.4-27.8) | 27.6 (27.4-27.8) | −0.30 (.77) | 28.1 (27.4-28.8) | −1.43 (.15) |
| Other non-Hispanic | 25.7 (25.4-26.0) | 24.7 (24.4-25.0) | 4.47 (<.001) | 25.4 (24.1-26.7) | 0.41 (.68) |
| <High school diploma | 27.9 (27.8-28.1) | 27.5 (27.3-27.7) | 3.27 (.001) | 28.2 (27.5-28.8) | −0.83 (.41) |
| High school diploma or some college | 27.2 (27.2-27.3) | 27.3 (27.2-27.4) | −1.19 (.23) | 28.2 (27.9-28.5) | −6.77 (<.001) |
| ≥College diploma | 26.2 (26.1-26.2) | 26.4 (26.3-26.5) | −3.88 (<.001) | 27.1 (26.6-27.7) | −3.74 (<.001) |
BRFSS indicates Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; NHIS, National Health Interview Survey; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.
a
P values represent comparison with BRFSS.