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Cytokines levels in all study groups. Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β (left panel), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (middle panel) and IL-6 (right panel) in serum of animals undergoing sham operation (group sham); animals undergoing hemorrhagic shock to MAP 40 mmHg (group shock-40); and animals undergoing hemorrhagic shock to MAP 30 mmHg (group shock-30). P values refer to comparisons between group shock-40 and group shock-30 at the respective time interval.
