TABLE 1.
Demographic, clinical and pharmacologic profiles.
| Characteristics/Profiles | SCZ n=25 | SCZ-SIB n=25 | CON-SIB n=40 | CON n=40 | F or χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 22.6 (3.2) | 22.3 (3.5) | 20.0 (3.5) | 21.2 (3.6) | 3.68 | 0.01 |
| Gender (%) | χ2=18.4 | 0.0004 | ||||
| Female | 20.0 | 60.0 | 72.5 | 45.0 | ||
| Male | 80.0 | 40.0 | 27.5 | 55.0 | ||
| Race (%) | χ2=3.4 | 0.75 | ||||
| African American | 32.0 | 32.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | ||
| Caucasian | 68.0 | 68.0 | 77.5 | 77.5 | ||
| Other | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||
| Handedness (%) | χ2=1.5 | 0.69 | ||||
| Right | 84.0 | 92.0 | 92.5 | 87.5 | ||
| Left | 16.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 12.5 | ||
| Parental Socioeconomic Statusa | 2.9 (1.2) | 2.9 (1.0) | 3.1 (0.9) | 2.9 (1.0) | 0.4 | 0.8 |
| Illness duration (yrs) | 4.6(4.4) | n/a | n/a | n/a | - | - |
| Current Antipsychotic (AP) (%)b | ||||||
| Atypical | 87.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Typical | 4.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Atypical & Typical | 8.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Lifetime Typical AP Use (%)c | 30.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Duration of Typical AP Use (months)d | 11.0 (7.0) | n/a | n/a | n/a | - | - |
| Lifetime Substance Dependence (%) | ||||||
| Alcohol | 28.0 | 12.0 | 0 | 5.0 | χ2=15.7 | 0.001 |
| Sedative/Hypnotic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Cannabis | 36.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 2.5 | χ2=15.9 | 0.001 |
| Stimulant | 0 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0 | χ2=2.3 | 0.52 |
| Opioid | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Cocaine | 0 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0 | χ2=2.3 | 0.52 |
| Hallucinogen | 0 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0 | χ2=2.3 | 0.52 |
| Total Alcohol Consumption in Last 2 yrs (kg) | 9.1 (14.8) | 7.6 (13.0) | 3.5 (6.7) | 5.2 (8.9) | 1.72 | 0.17 |
| Current Axis I Diagnosis (%) | ||||||
| Psychotic Disorder | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | χ2>100 | <0.0001 |
| Mood Disorder | 8.0 | 0 | 7.5 | 0 | χ2=5.2 | 0.16 |
| Anxiety Disorder | 16.0 | 16.0 | 10.0 | 2.5 | χ2=4.5 | 0.21 |
| Lifetime Axis I Diagnosis (%) | ||||||
| Psychotic Disorder | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | χ2>100 | <0.0001 |
| Mood Disorder | 52.0 | 52.0 | 35.0 | 2.5 | χ2=25.5 | <0.0001 |
| Anxiety Disorder | 20.0 | 24.0 | 15.0 | 5.0 | χ2=5.3 | 0.15 |
Values are means (standard deviation) unless stated otherwise.
F values were calculated using one-way ANOVA across all groups. The χ2 value is the result of a chi-square comparison.
Range is 1–5, with higher values indicating lower socioeconomic status. Minor differences in how the siblings reported their parental information account for the small differences in parental socioeconomic status
Atypical antipsychotics used (number of subjects) were risperidone (8), aripiprazole (5) olanzapine (5), clozapine (3), ziprasidone (3), and quetiapine (2). Typical antipsychotics used were haloperidol (1), thiothixene (1) and loxapine (1). Two SCZ were receiving an unknown study medication and were not used in calculating percentages.
Refers to lifetime use of scheduled typical antipsychotic for >1 week. Typical antipsychotics used on an “as needed” basis were not included.
Only patients with lifetime use of typical antipsychotics were used in calculating the mean. n/a=not applicable