Figure 1.

Changes in mRNA expression of APP, BACE1, and Sp1 in the frontal association cortex of aged monkeys after developmental exposure to Pb. The frontal association cortical tissue of 23-year-old control (Con) and Pb-exposed (Pb-E) monkeys were analyzed for mRNA expression of APP, BACE1, and Sp1. The mRNA expression of APP, BACE1, and Sp1 were validated by real-time PCR. Data shown represent the mean ± SEM (4 animals in each group). Values marked with an asterisk are significantly different from their corresponding controls (p < 0.05) as determined by Student's t test.