Autocrine hGH increases total cell number, cell cycle progression, and cell survival and alters the gene expression profile in human endometrial carcinoma cells. RL95-2 cells were stably transfected with an expression vector containing the hGH gene (designated RL95-2-hGH) or pcDNA3 vector alone (RL95-2-vector). A, The level of hGH and hGHR mRNA in RL95-2-hGH and RL95-2-vector cell lines was determined by RT-PCR. B, Growth of RL95-2-vector and RL95-2-hGH cell lines was assessed by total cell number in 10% FBS medium. C, Effect of autocrine hGH on cell cycle progression as assessed by nuclear BrdU incorporation in 10% serum and serum-free conditions as indicated. D, Effect of autocrine hGH on apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal over 48 h as evaluated by TUNEL assay. E, Real-time PCR gene expression analysis of the effect of autocrine hGH expression on the gene expression profile of RL95-2 cells. Results are represented as a fold change in mRNA levels in RL95-2-hGH cells in comparison with RL95-2-vector cells. F, Real-time PCR analysis of the effect of autocrine hGH expression on mRNA levels of several key markers involved in proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. Results are represented as a fold change in mRNA levels in RL95-2-hGH cells in comparison with RL95-2-vector cells. **, P < 0.001.