Table 3.

Simulation results under varied conditions of heterogeneity

	Heterogeneity Model
	Disease Allele Onlyg		Markers Onlyh		Disease and Markersi
One-Tailed p	Zc	Zp	Zc	Zp	Zc	Zp
0.1	0.0966	0.0939	0.1153	0.1022	0.1038	0.0951
0.05	0.0471	0.0426	0.0626	0.0515	0.0527	0.0442
0.01	0.0087	0.0084	0.0139	0.0096	0.0113	0.0088
0.005	0.0043	0.0034	0.0078	0.0044	0.0055	0.0034
0.001	0.0011	0.0006	0.0015	0.0005	0.0014	0.0008
0.0005	0.0009	0.0003	0.0006	0.0004	0.0006	0.0003
Mean	-0.015	-0.027	0.059	-0.007	0.041	-0.026
SD	1.001	1.007	1.019	1.017	1.004	1.008
p-valuef	0.067	0.0037	< 0.0001	0.246	< 0.0001	0.0049

Observed versus expected distributions of linkage test statistics under varying conditions of disease allele and/or population heterogeneity in marker allele frequencies, based on 10,000 simulations of 100 families with the following configuration: 2 affected sibs, both sampled, and 2 unaffected sibs, both sampled, disease locus unlinked to markers (null model).

^emean multipoint paired test; ^fp-value of test that mean does not equal 0; ^gtwo populations modeled in an 80%/20% mixture: 1) marker allele frequencies for all markers [0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25], unlinked disease allele 0.0035; 2) marker alleles [0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25], unlinked disease allele 0.001; ^htwo populations modeled in an 80%/20% mixture: 1) marker allele frequencies for all markers [0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25], unlinked disease allele 0.003; 2) marker alleles [0.4,0.3,0.2,0.1], unlinked disease allele 0.003; ⁱtwo populations modeled in an 80%/20% mixture: 1) marker allele frequencies for all markers [0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25], unlinked disease allele 0.0035; 2) marker alleles [0.4,0.3,0.2,0.1], unlinked disease allele 0.001.