ApoL1-induced cell death is through autophagy, not by apoptosis.
A, caspases 9 and 3 were not activated, and PARP was not cleaved
during apoL1-induced cell death. By contrast, apoL6 induces cell death through
apoptosis by activation of caspases 9 as described previously
(45). B, apoL1
induced activation
andtranslocationofLC3.ImmunoblotanalysisofLC3inautophagicDLD-1.apoL1 cells.
Total soluble proteins were isolated at indicated time points from DLD-1.apoL1
cells cultured in induction medium. Times after induction of apoL1 are as
indicated. Accumulation of LC3-II in induced DLD-1.apoL1 cells can be seen 12
h after induction. The ratios between LC3-II and LC3-I were 0.1, 2, and 20, 0,
12, and 24 h after induction, respectively. C, immunofluorescence
staining of LC3 (red) in DLD-1.apoL1 cells. Panel a,
DLD-1.apoL1 cells cultured in normal medium, and panel b, DLD-1.apoL1
cells cultured in induction medium for 24 h. At least 300 cells were analyzed
for each experiment.