Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics, by Race/Ethnicity
| Categorical variable †, n, (%) | Caucasian* | African American* | Hispanic* | Chinese* | Japanese* | Total* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1445) | (n = 852) | (n = 229) | (n = 244) | (n = 275) | (n = 3045) | |
| Trouble falling asleep | 136 (9.4) | 101 (11.9) | 33 (14.4) | 18 (7.4) | 18 (6.5) | 306 (10.1) |
| Wake up several times | 410 (28.4) | 230 (27.2) | 50 (21.8) | 46 (18.9) | 50 (18.2) | 786 (25.9) |
| Wake up early | 168 (11.6) | 122 (14.4) | 43 (18.8) | 29 (11.9) | 16 (5.8) | 378 (12.4) |
| Menopausal status | ||||||
| Premenopausal | 742 (52.6) | 419 (49.8) | 122 (57.5) | 148 (61.4) | 170 (62.5) | 1601 (53.8) |
| Early Perimenopausal | 668 (47.4) | 422 (50.2) | 90 (42.5) | 93 (38.6) | 102 (37.5) | 1375 (46.2) |
| Vasomotor symptoms | ||||||
| None | 909 (63.1) | 444 (53.0) | 117 (51.1) | 168 (70.0) | 148 (65.8) | 1786 (60.1) |
| <6 days in last 2 weeks | 385 (26.7) | 263 (31.4) | 82 (35.8) | 55 (22.9) | 61 (27.1) | 846 (28.5) |
| ≥6 days in last 2 weeks | 146 (10.1) | 130 (15.5) | 30 (13.1) | 17 (7.1) | 16 (7.1) | 339 (11.4) |
| Blood drawn in cycle day 2–5 window ‡ | 1162 (80.6) | 641 (75.4) | 189 (82.9) | 183 (75.0) | 229 (83.9) | 2404 (79.2) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 170 (12.0) | 186 (22.0) | 10 (4.6) | 21 (8.7) | 20 (7.3) | 407 (13.6) |
| Married/living with partner | 1030 (72.5) | 399 (47.2) | 163 (75.5) | 194 (80.2) | 222 (81.0) | 2008 (67.0) |
| Separated/Windowed/Divorced | 220 (15.5) | 261 (30.9) | 43 (19.9) | 27 (11.2) | 32 (11.7) | 583 (19.4) |
| Education | ||||||
| ≤High school | 222 (15.5) | 219 (26.0) | 154 (69.4) | 70 (28.7) | 48 (17.5) | 713 (23.6) |
| Some college | 444 (30.9) | 341 (40.5) | 47 (21.2) | 51 (20.9) | 95 (34.5) | 978 (32.4) |
| College | 313 (21.8) | 135 (16.0) | 16 (7.2) | 71 (29.1) | 85 (30.9) | 620 (20.5) |
| More than college | 457 (31.8) | 147 (17.5) | 5 (2.3) | 52 (21.3) | 47 (17.1) | 708 (23.5) |
| Annual household income | ||||||
| <$20,000 | 100 (7.0) | 177 (21.6) | 124 (55.6) | 12 (5.0) | 7 (2.7) | 420 (14.2) |
| $20,000–$49,999 | 450 (31.5) | 333 (40.7) | 77 (34.5) | 81 (33.9) | 57 (22.0) | 998 (33.6) |
| ≥$50,000 | 878 (61.5) | 309 (37.7) | 22 (9.9) | 146 (61.1) | 195 (75.3) | 1550 (52.2) |
| Difficulty paying for basics | ||||||
| Very difficult | 75 (5.2) | 104 (12.3) | 56 (25.1) | 13 (5.3) | 10 (3.6) | 258 (8.5) |
| Somewhat difficult | 372 (25.9) | 278 (32.8) | 125 (56.1) | 55 (22.5) | 71 (25.9) | 901 (29.8) |
| Not very difficult | 992 (68.9) | 465 (54.9) | 42 (18.8) | 176 (72.1) | 193 (70.4) | 1868 (61.7) |
| Current (past month) hormone therapy§ | 103 (7.4) | 38 (5.2) | 4 (1.9) | 8 (3.4) | 5 (1.9) | 158 (5.6) |
| Self-assessed overall health | ||||||
| Excellent | 425 (29.9) | 128 (15.1) | 10 (4.6) | 41 (16.9) | 54 (19.7) | 658 (21.9) |
| Very good/good | 910 (64.0) | 584 (69.1) | 147 (68.1) | 150 (62.0) | 174 (63.5) | 1965 (65.5) |
| Fair/Poor | 87 (6.1) | 133 (15.7) | 59 (27.3) | 51 (21.1) | 46 (16.8) | 376 (12.5) |
| Medical conditions | ||||||
| None | 377 (26.4) | 127 (15.0) | 37 (17.0) | 96 (39.7) | 93 (33.9) | 730 (24.3) |
| 1 | 476 (33.4) | 263 (31.0) | 68 (31.2) | 81 (33.5) | 93 (33.9) | 981 (32.6) |
| 2 or more | 573 (40.2) | 459 (54.1) | 113 (51.8) | 65 (26.9) | 88 (32.1) | 1298 (43.1) |
| Urinate at night | ||||||
| Never/rarely | 604 (41.8) | 292 (34.3) | 80 (34.9) | 113 (46.3) | 149 (54.2) | 1238 (40.7) |
| Once/a few times per week | 442 (30.6) | 195 (22.9) | 26 (11.4) | 67 (27.5) | 77 (28.0) | 807 (26.5) |
| ≥1 per night | 398 (27.6) | 365 (42.8) | 123 (53.7) | 64 (26.2) | 49 (17.8) | 999 (32.8) |
| Physical symptoms (maximum = 5) | ||||||
| None | 785 (54.4) | 495 (58.4) | 113 (49.6) | 168 (68.9) | 171 (62.2) | 1732 (57.0) |
| 1 symptom | 405 (28.0) | 216 (25.5) | 62 (27.2) | 44 (18.0) | 71 (25.8) | 798 (26.3) |
| ≥2 symptoms | 254 (17.6) | 136 (16.1) | 53 (23.2) | 32 (13.1) | 33 (12.0) | 508 (16.7) |
| Taking pain medication | 431 (30.0) | 210 (24.6) | 91 (39.9) | 18 (7.4) | 32 (11.7) | 782 (25.8) |
| Taking nervous/sleep medication | 241 (16.7) | 77 (9.0) | 35 (15.4) | 17 (7.0) | 15 (5.5) | 385 (12.7) |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 751 (52.1) | 453 (54.0) | 150 (66.1) | 228 (93.4) | 174 (63.7) | 1756 (58.0) |
| Past | 472 (32.7) | 186 (22.2) | 44 (19.4) | 12 (4.9) | 64 (23.4) | 778 (25.7) |
| Current | 219 (15.2) | 200 (23.8) | 33 (14.5) | 4 (1.6) | 35 (12.8) | 491 (16.2) |
| Passive smoking status | ||||||
| None | 569 (39.8) | 292 (34.9) | 141 (61.8) | 187 (77.3) | 163 (61.0) | 1352 (45.0) |
| 1–4 person-hours during past week | 462 (32.3) | 211 (25.2) | 28 (12.3) | 37 (15.3) | 62 (23.2) | 800 (26.6) |
| ≥5 person-hours during past week | 400 (28.0) | 334 (39.9) | 59 (25.9) | 18 (7.4) | 42 (15.7) | 853 (28.4) |
| Stressful life events | ||||||
| None | 680 (47.1) | 371 (44.0) | 122 (53.3) | 177 (72.5) | 177 (64.4) | 1527 (50.3) |
| 1 event | 303 (21.0) | 176 (20.9) | 53 (23.1) | 41 (16.8) | 46 (16.7) | 619 (20.4) |
| ≥2 events | 460 (31.9) | 296 (35.1) | 54 (23.6) | 26 (10.7) | 52 (18.9) | 888 (29.3) |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||
| None | 568 (39.4) | 485 (56.9) | 111 (48.5) | 191 (78.6) | 153 (56.5) | 1508 (49.7) |
| ≤1 serving per day | 761 (52.8) | 332 (39.0) | 110 (48.0) | 48 (19.8) | 98 (36.2) | 1349 (44.4) |
| >1 serving per day | 112 (7.8) | 35 (4.1) | 8 (3.5) | 4 (1.6) | 20 (7.4) | 179 (5.9) |
| Continuous variable ††, mean, (median) | ||||||
| Age (range: 42.0–53.0) | 46.3 (46.0) | 46.3 (46.2) | 46.3 (46.0) | 46.5 (46.6) | 46.7 (46.7) | 46.4 (46.2) |
| Body mass index (range:15.0–64.8) | 27.7 (26.0) | 31.7 (30.2) | 29.3 (28.2) | 23.2 (22.4) | 22.9 (22.1) | 28.1 (26.5) |
| Depression (summed CES-D score, range: 0–54) | 10 (8.0) | 11 (8.0) | 15.8 (14.5) | 8.4 (6.0) | 8.3 (6.0) | 10.5 (8.0) |
| Anxiety (summed score, range: 0–6) | 2.6 (2.0) | 2.4 (2.0) | 3.2 (3.0) | 2.0 (2.0) | 1.8 (2.0) | 2.5 (2.0) |
| Perceived stress (summed score, range: 4–19) | 8.4 (8.0) | 8.5 (8.0) | 9.8 (11.0) | 8.2 (8.0) | 8.8 (9.0) | 8.5 (8.0) |
| Bodily pain (SF-36 score, range: 0–100) | 71.1 (74.0) | 67.2 (72.0) | 54.4 (51.0) | 74.6 (74.0) | 75.4 (74.0) | 69.4 (74.0) |
| Social support (summed score, range: 0–16) | 12.7 (13.0) | 12.2 (13.0) | 10.8 (12.0) | 11.8 (12.0) | 13.2 (14.0) | 12.4 (13.0) |
| Estradiol (range: 5.4–1493.6) | 80.2 (56.2) | 73.3 (53.7) | 81.1 (56.9) | 65.2 (50.8) | 67.9 (51.8) | 76.0 (54.8) |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (range: 1.1–303.2) | 23.4 (15.4) | 25.3 (16.6) | 26.7 (15.7) | 24.8 (16.5) | 23.8 (14.5) | 24.4 (15.9) |
| Total physical activity score without work (range: 3–14) | 8.1 (8.1) | 7.3 (7.3) | 6.7 (6.6) | 7.3 (7.3) | 7.9 (7.8) | 7.7 (1.8) |
| Caffeine intake per day, mg (range: 0–1859.7) | 276.9 (214.5) | 200.4 (141.8) | 209.5 (163.6) | 162.4 (116.3) | 256 (216.6) | 239 (176.1) |
*
Category Ns for all characteristics do not sum to total for each race/ethnic group and for total due to missing data. Percents are calculated after excluding participants with missing data. Column percentages for categorical variables may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
†
All P values < 0.001 except for trouble falling asleep (P = 0.007), blood drawn in cycle day 2-5 window (P = 0.002).
‡
This dichotomous variable was included only in the hormone models.
§
Visit 01 data are reported here. At baseline, no one used hormone therapy.
††
All P values <0.001 except for age (P = 0.2), estradiol (P = 0.009), follicle stimulating hormone (P = 0.29).