(A) Presence of the 11973G/A heteroplasmy in mitochondrial DNA extracts of A. vulgare individuals. Direct sequencing of a heteroplasmic female sample (left) with forward (top) and reverse (bottom) primers. Partial trace files are shown, with the 11973G/A heteroplasmy highlighted with black triangles. HpyCH4V digestion profiles (right). Lanes: (1) 100 bp molecular ladder (BenchTop, Promega), (2) undigested control amplicon, (3) and (4) digested amplicons of two heteroplasmic female samples. (B) Presence of the 11973G homoplasmic state in Chaetophiloscia elongata individuals. Direct sequencing of a homoplasmic individual (left) with forward (top) and reverse (bottom) primers. Partial trace files are shown, with the 11973G homoplasmy highlighted with black triangles. HpyCH4V digestion profiles showing complete digestion of the PCR products (right). Lanes: (1) 200 bp molecular ladder (SmartLadder, Eurogentec), (2) undigested control amplicon, (3) and (4) digested amplicons of two homoplasmic samples.