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In vitro and in vivo ATF6α transcriptional activity in HEp3 cells. (A) Basal 5xATF6-GL3 activity (serum-free) or treated with 5 μg/ml Tm, 1 μM Tg, or 1 mM DTT for 6 h. (B) 5xATF6-GL3 activity in D-HEp3 cells (full serum) with a siRNA to ATF6α with or without 5 μg/ml Tm for 6 h. The Inset shows ATF6α mRNA knockdown (RT-PCR). (C) Induction of 5xATF6-GL3 activity in D-HEp3 and T-HEp3 in vitro (time point 0) or 24 and 48 h after inoculation on CAMs in vivo. *, P < 0.0001.
