Fig. 3.

Relative area of coexistence of different flowering intercepts β₀ for Carlina for different values of the germination (g), and seed death probability, d = 0.01 (full line), d = 0.05 (dashed line), d = 0.1 (dotted line), and d = 0.2 (dashed-dotted line). Relative area was taken as the ratio of the area of coexistence divided by the total area of parameter space considered (Fig. 1). Coexistence increases with g and marginally increases with d. Irregularities are due to numerical rounding. The same pattern is obtained for Carduus (data not shown).