Cardiac gene expression markers are consistent with a block in fetal–adult transition. Quantitative real-time RT–PCR analysis of RNA extracted from hearts of PD0.5 wild-type (αβ+/+), PGC-1α−/− (α−/−), PGC-1β−/− (β−/−), and PGC-1αβ−/− (αβ−/−) mice for the following: oxidative phosphorylation-cytochrome c, somatic (Cycs), cytochrome oxidase 4 (Cox4), ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, β polypeptide (Atp5b); fatty acid oxidation-acetyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, medium chain (Acadm), acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, very long chain (Acadvl), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b (Cpt1b), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (Cpt2); Glycolysis/Glucose oxidation-hexokinase 2 (Hk2), phosphofructokinase (Pfk), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4); General adult cardiac gene markers-atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), ATPase, Ca2+ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2 (Serca2a), and α-myosin heavy chain (Myh6). The mRNA levels were normalized to β-actin mRNA content, and expressed relative to PGC-1αβ+/+ values. Bars represent mean ± SEM. (*) P < 0.05 compared with αβ+/+; (†) P < 0.05 compared with α−/−; (#) P < 0.05 compared with β−/−.