Table 1.

Age estimation of monocot orders.

Order		Penalized Likelihood age estimations (in Mya)	Credibility intervals	Janssen and Bremer (2004) age estimations (in Mya)1
Acorales	stem node	1342	1342
	crown node	19 ± 5.7	7 – 44
Alismatales	stem node	128 ± 1.7	123 – 133	131
	crown node	123 ± 3.9	97 – 133	128
Petrosaviales	stem node	128 ± 1.9	121 – 132	126
	crown node	108 ± 7.11	87 – 102	123
Dioscoreales	stem node	121 ± 2.1	119 – 130	124
	crown node	116 ± 2.6	113 – 126	123
Pandanales	stem node	121 ± 2.1	119 – 130	124
	crown node	117 ± 2.4	116 – 130	114
Liliales	stem node	122 ± 2.6	109 – 131	124
	crown node	118 ± 6.03	78 – 131	117
Asparagales	stem node	122 ± 4.7	98 – 126	122
	crown node	119 ± 4.14	101 – 127	119
Arecales	stem node	116 ± 5.15	94 – 1223	120
	crown node	51 ± 14.66	15 – 98	110
Commelinales	stem node	92 ± 6.8	83 – 114	114
	crown node	75 ± 8.8	50 – 104	110
Zingiberales	stem node	92 ± 5.5	91 – 116	114
	crown node	67 ± 7.1	52 – 96	88
Poales	stem node	109 ± 5.2	89 – 120	117
	crown node	106 ± 5.3	88 – 116	113

Age estimations of monocot orders obtained with PL analysis of 18S rDNA data, including credibility intervals. The age estimations by Janssen and Bremer [13] are listed for comparison.

¹ The analysis of Janssen and Bremer [13] is based on 878 rbcL sequences. Dating was obtained with nonparametric rate smoothing (NPRS).

² This node was fixed at 134 Mya.

³ Only one Acorus accession was used in the analysis of Janssen and Bremer [13].

⁴ This node was constrained to a minimum age of 93 Mya.

⁵ This node was constrained to a minimum age of 89.5 Mya.

⁶ Only two Arecales accessions were included in the analysis.