Schematic showing the production of IL-21 by activated CD4+ T cells including follicular helper T (TFM) cell and natural killer T (NKT) cells and its action on a large array of target cells. Collectively, IL-21 can exert antitumor activity and additionally has effects in inflammation, autoimmunity, and allergic diseases. DC, Dentritic cells; MΦ, macrophages; EC, epithelial cells; Kera., Keratinocytes.