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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Memb Sci. 2008 Jul;319(1-2):192–198. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.044

Figure 4.

Figure 4

SEM images of surface view of nanoporous AAO tubular membrane anodized in (a) 5 wt% sulfuric acid at 12.5 V (b) 2.7 wt% oxalic acid at 40 V. Cross section view of AAO tubular membrane anodized in (c) 20 wt% sulfuric acid at 12.5 V and (d) 3 wt% sulfuric acid at 12.5 V. Parallel nanochannels are depicted in figure 4 (d).