Table 1.
Selected characteristics of Hispanic and Chinese participants, MESA, 2000–2002
| Mexicans | Non-Mexican Hispanics | Chinese | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 708 | 547 | 737 | |
| Age (years) | 61.6 ± 10.4 | 61.5 ± 10.5 | 62.8 ± 10.2 | 0.036 |
| Women (%) | 49.7 | 53.7 | 52.8 | 0.313 |
| Years of US residence (%) | ||||
| <10 | 8.9 | 7.9 | 19.4 | |
| 10 to ≤20 | 5.5 | 13.7 | 32.6 | |
| >20 | 33.1 | 68.9 | 44.2 | <0.001 |
| U.S. born | 52.5 | 9.5 | 3.8 | |
| Language spoken at home (%) | ||||
| English | 42.8 | 14.8 | 5.6 | |
| English and Spanish/Chinese | 17.0 | 15.5 | 7.7 | <0.001 |
| Other languages | ||||
| Spanish/Chinese/other languages | 40.2 | 69.7 | 86.7 | |
| Acculturation score (%) | ||||
| 0 (least acculturated) | 8.5 | 7.0 | 19.3 | |
| 1 | 5.5 | 13.5 | 31.5 | |
| 2 | 24.7 | 49.5 | 36.8 | |
| 3 | 7.5 | 13.0 | 6.5 | <0.001 |
| 4 | 14.7 | 11.3 | 3.1 | |
| 5 (most acculturated) | 39.1 | 5.7 | 2.8 | |
| Annual family income (%) | ||||
| <$20,000 | 34.5 | 41.1 | 42.7 | |
| $20,000 to ≤$50,000 | 43.8 | 41.0 | 29.7 | |
| >$50,000 | 18.3 | 16.8 | 27.0 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 3.4 | 1.1 | 0.6 | |
| Education (%) | ||||
| <High school | 46.5 | 41.7 | 25.5 | |
| High school graduate | 19.9 | 22.1 | 17.1 | <0.001 |
| >High school | 33.6 | 36.2 | 57.4 | |
| Place for medical care (%) | ||||
| Doctor's office/clinic | 81.8 | 88.1 | 93.8 | |
| Hospital emergency room | 10.3 | 7.3 | 1.3 | <0.001 |
| Other | 7.9 | 4.6 | 4.9 | |
| Has health insurance coverage (%) | 79.8 | 84.6 | 81.3 | 0.084 |
| Diabetes (%) | 21.0 | 13.7 | 13.3 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.9 ± 5.1 | 28.8 ± 4.7 | 23.9 ± 3.3 | <0.001 |
| Physical activity (MET-min/week)† | 1,351.8 ± 2,242.4 | 1,337.4 ± 1,929.3 | 1,172.1 ± 1,540.1 | 0.149 |
| Total dietary calories (kcal) | 1,903.3 ± 960.1 | 1,635.4 ± 860.4 | 1,321.5 ± 576.7 | <0.001 |
| Fat (% kcal) | 36.7 ± 6.4 | 33.5 ± 6.6 | 36.2 ± 6.6 | <0.001 |
| Fiber (g/1,000 cal) | 11.6 ± 3.8 | 11.4 ± 4.5 | 11.8 ± 3.4 | 0.252 |
| Carbohydrates (% kcal) | 48.6 ± 7.5 | 51.9 ± 8.2 | 48.4 ± 7.7 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as means ± SD unless indicated otherwise.
*
P values were from χ2 tests (categorical variables) or ANOVA (continuous variables).
†
Total intentional exercise included moderate walking exercise, dance, and vigorous sports.