Table 4.
Multivariate-adjusted1 hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer of the proximal colon (826 cases in men, 459 in women), distal colon (646 cases in men, 230 in women), and rectum (631 cases in men, 258 in women) in the AARP Diet and Health Study by quintiles of factor scores.
| Relative Risk (95% CI)2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | p trend | |
| Men | ||||||
| Factor 1 – Fruits and vegetables | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 176 cases | 159 cases | 136 cases | 139 cases | 155 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.89
(0.72–1.10) |
0.75
(0.60–0.94) |
0.77
(0.62–0.97) |
0.87
(0.69–1.09) |
p = 0.62 | |
| Distal Colon | 168 cases | 142 cases | 141 cases | 130 cases | 126 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.85
(0.68–1.06) |
0.84
(0.67–1.06) |
0.79
(0.62–1.00) |
0.77
(0.61–0.98) |
p = 0.04 | |
| Rectum | 138 cases | 141 cases | 137 cases | 108 cases | 107 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.04
(0.82–1.32) |
1.02
(0.80–1.29) |
0.81
(0.63–1.05) |
0.81
(0.62–1.05) |
p = 0.05 | |
| Factor 2 – Fat-reduced and diet foods | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 156 cases | 160 cases | 157 cases | 142 cases | 150 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.04
(0.83–1.22) |
1.02
(0.81–1.27) |
0.91
(0.73–1.15) |
0.93
(0.74–1.17) |
p = 0.50 | |
| Distal Colon | 156 cases | 146 cases | 130 cases | 133 cases | 142 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.93
(0.74–1.17) |
0.83
(0.66–1.07) |
0.86
(0.68–1.05) |
0.89
(0.71–1.12) |
p = 0.26 | |
| Rectum | 151 cases | 150 cases | 134 cases | 107 cases | 89 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.01
(0.80–1.26) |
0.91
(0.72–1.15) |
0.72
(0.56–0.93) |
0.58
(0.44–0.76) |
p < 0.0001 | |
| Factor 3 – Meat and potatoes | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 142 cases | 160 cases | 162 cases | 152 cases | 149 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.12
(0.89–1.40) |
1.12
(0.89–1.40) |
1.05
(0.83–1.32) |
0.99
(0.79–1.25) |
p = 0.67 | |
| Distal Colon | 116 cases | 145 cases | 144 cases | 144 cases | 158 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.23
(0.96–1.57) |
1.20
(0.94–1.53) |
1.19
(0.93–1.52) |
1.26
(0.99–1.60) |
p = 0.10 | |
| Rectum | 100 cases | 127 cases | 125 cases | 146 cases | 133 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.26
(0.97–1.64) |
1.23
(0.95–1.60) |
1.43
(1.11–1.85) |
1.26
(0.97–1.64) |
p = 0.30 | |
| Women | ||||||
| Factor 1 – Fruits and vegetables | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 92 cases | 79 cases | 86 cases | 84 cases | 96 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.87
(0.64–1.17) |
0.94
(0.70–1.26) |
0.90
(0.66–1.21) |
1.01
(0.75–1.36) |
p = 0.48 | |
| Distal Colon | 50 cases | 43 cases | 48 cases | 64 cases | 47 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.89
(0.57–1.34) |
1.01
(0.68–1.50) |
1.34
(0.92–1.96) |
0.99
(0.67–1.49) |
p = 0.98 | |
| Rectum | 51 cases | 39 cases | 58 cases | 52 cases | 58 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.80
(0.53–1.22) |
1.21
(0.83–1.78) |
1.11
(0.75–1.65) |
1.26
(0.85–1.87) |
p = 0.11 | |
| Factor 2 – Meat and potatoes | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 70 cases | 77 cases | 92 cases | 89 cases | 109 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.11
(0.80–1.53) |
1.32
(0.97–1.81) |
1.28
(0.93–1.80) |
1.53
(1.13–2.09) |
p = 0.001 | |
| Distal Colon | 47 cases | 56 cases | 36 cases | 51 cases | 62 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.18
(0.80–1.75) |
0.75
(0.48–1.16) |
1.05
(0.70–1.57) |
1.22
(0.82–1.80) |
p = 0.60 | |
| Rectum | 38 cases | 47 cases | 47 cases | 59 cases | 67 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.22
(0.80–1.87) |
1.20
(0.78–1.85) |
1.50
(0.99–2.27) |
1.66
(1.10–2.50) |
p = 0.01 | |
| Factor 3 – Fat-reduced and diet foods | ||||||
| Proximal Colon | 91 cases | 99 cases | 74 cases | 93 cases | 80 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
1.15
(0.86–1.53) |
0.87
(0.64–1.19) |
1.08
(0.81–1.46) |
0.91
(0.67–1.24) |
p = 0.21 | |
| Distal Colon | 64 cases | 54 cases | 43 cases | 50 cases | 41 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.89
(0.62–1.29) |
0.73
(0.49–1.08) |
0.84
(0.58–1.23) |
0.68
(0.45–1.01) |
p = 0.05 | |
| Rectum | 61 cases | 49 cases | 42 cases | 51 cases | 55 cases | |
| 1.00
(ref) |
0.87
(0.59–1.26) |
0.77
(0.51–1.14) |
0.93
(0.64–1.37) |
1.00
(0.69–1.46) |
p = 0.73 | |
1
Multivariate models adjusted for ethnicity, tobacco use, physical activity, body mass index, education, family history of colon cancer, regular NSAIDs use, and, in the case of women, use of menopausal hormone therapy.
2
Relative risks estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression.