Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants: The Cardiovascular Health Study, 1992–1993 Examination
| Characteristics | Men (N = 1237) | Women (N = 1691) | Total (N = 2928) | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 75.0 (5.0) | 74.2 (4.8) | 74.5 (4.9) | <.001 |
| Race | ||||
| White, n (%) | 1071 (86.6) | 1420 (84.0) | 2491 (85.1) | .138 |
| Black, n (%) | 160 (12.9) | 263 (15.6) | 423 (14.5) | |
| Others, n (%) | 6 (0.5) | 8 (0.5) | 14 (0.5) | |
| Behavioral risk factors | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 mean (SD) | 26.4 (3.6) | 26.8 (5.0) | 26.6 (4.4) | .018 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current, n (%) | 114 (9.2) | 154 (9.1) | 268 (9.2) | <.001 |
| Past, n (%) | 743 (60.1) | 568 (33.6) | 1311 (44.8) | |
| Never, n (%) | 380 (30.7) | 969 (57.3) | 1349 (46.1) | |
| Physical activity, kcal/wk, mean (SD) | 1850.4 (2002.8) | 1295.1 (1541.8) | 1529.3 (1772.2) | <.001 |
| Chronic health conditions | ||||
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 341 (27.6) | 284 (16.8) | 625 (21.4) | <.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 105 (8.5) | 75 (4.4) | 180 (6.2) | <.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 207 (16.7) | 190 (11.2) | 397 (13.6) | <.001 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease, n (%) | 259 (20.9) | 536 (31.7) | 795 (27.2) | <.001 |
| Kidney disease, n (%) | 11 (0.9) | 20 (1.2) | 31 (1.1) | .443 |
| Arthritis, n (%) | 451 (36.5) | 936 (55.4) | 1387 (47.4) | <.001 |
| Depression (CES-D > 10), n (%) | 135 (10.9) | 275 (16.3) | 410 (14.0) | <.001 |
| No. of chronic health conditions, 0–7, mean (SD) | 1.2 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.1) | 1.3 (1.1) | <.001 |
| Physiologic index, 0–10, mean (SD) | 5.1 (2.1) | 5.7 (2.1) | 5.5 (2.1) | <.001 |
*
Notes: Chi-square or t test p value.
SD = standard deviation; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale.