Table 2. HIV- Modulated Proteins Associated with Lipid Metabolism.
| Protein Name | Abbrev. | Acces. # | Putative Function | P-value | Location |
| Acyl-CoA-binding protein | ACBP* | P07108 | Loss or deficiency of ACBP results in fatty acid metabolism abnormalities | 0.02 | cytoplasm; Ligand |
| Serum albumin [Precursor] | ALBU (ALB) | P02768 | Binds to fatty acids: lipid peroxidation and crystallization | 0.01 | Extra-cellular space; Transporter |
| Apolipoprotein A-I | APOA1 | P02647 | Involved in reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues; promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues; related to ipoprotein-modifying enzymes degrades APOB | 0.03 | Extra-cellular space;Transporter |
| Apolipoprotein B-100 [Precursor] | APOB | P04114 | Major protein constituent of LDL and VLDL. Functions as a recognition signal for the cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles by the apoB/E receptor; only protein to mobilize triacylglycerides | 0.03 | Extra-cellular space;Transporter |
| Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal | FABPE (FABP5) | Q01469 | High specificity for fatty acids. Involved in biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and other lipids | 0.02 | Adapter/Transporter |
| Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-HOM | HS71L (HSPA1L) | P34931 | Functions in protein folding; prolongs life of mature protein kinase C by allowing the enzyme to re-phosphorylate | 0.0002 | cytoplasm; Stress-induced Molecular Chaperone |
| Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta | HS90B (HSP90AB1) | P08238 | molecular chaperone works with HS71L | 0.0002 | cytoplasm, melanosome; Stress-induced Molecular Chaperone |
| Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 precursor | LRP1 | Q07954 | Receptor for aggregated LDL ; increases quantity of free fatty acids | 0.0002 to 0.002 | plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus; Receptor |
| Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 precursor | LRP2* | P98164 | Regulates lipid metabolism, modulates multiple signaling pathways | 0.02 | membrane; Receptor |
| Stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 | STIP1* | P31948 | Mediates the association of the molecular chaperones HSC70 and HSP90; downregulation may enhance lipid oxidation | 0.0002 | cytoplasm, nucleus;Adapter |
| Very low-density lipoprotein receptor precursor | VLDLR | P98155 | Increases quantities of LDL and fatty acids; reduces clearance of triacylglycerol-rich lipids | 0.0002 to 0.01 | membrane; Receptor/Transporter |
The three downregulated proteins are marked with (*). All other (n = 8) proteins were either expressed exclusively in HIV-infected cells or were upregulated compared to those detected in the uninfected cells. Protein names, abbreviations, locations and accession numbers are according to SwissProt. Putative functions and significance scores in relation to lipid metabolism were calculated by Fisher Exact Test using software from Ingenuity Systems Inc. A p-value of <0.05 represents a statistically significant non-random association of a specific protein with a lipid-related function/s in the Global Functional Analysis