Table 3.

 Distribution of outcome variables by area of intervention at follow-up in Hyderabad nutrition trial

	No	Mean (SD)		Mean difference* (95% CI) (control minus intervention)
		Intervention	Control
Body size and composition
Height (mm)	1120	1559 (83)	1549 (82)	−10.0 (−18.7 to −1.4); P=0.024
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1120	17.1 (2.0)	17.3 (2.4)	0.27 (−0.08 to 0.61); P=0.1
Fat mass index (kg/m2)	1120	2.6 (1.3)	2.6 (1.5)	−0.02 (−0.23 to 0.19); P=0.8
Fat-free mass index (kg/m2)	1120	14.5 (1.4)	14.8 (1.6)	0.29 (0.01 to 0.57); P=0.043
Central-peripheral skinfold ratio	1120	1.48 (0.25)	1.47 (0.25)	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05); P=0.8
Cardiovascular physiology
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	1118	108.7 (10.3)	109.6 (10.0)	0.83 (−1.44 to 3.11); P=0.5
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	1118	62.5 (6.5)	62.2 (6.5)	−0.23 (−1.70 to 1.25); P=0.8
Augmentation index (%)	862	2.5 (11.4)	5.6 (9.1)	3.16 (0.8 to 5.51); P=0.011
Lipid profile
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	1050	3.45 (0.69)	3.45 (0.67)	−0.00 (−0.12 to 0.12); P=1.0
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1050	2.05 (0.60)	2.04 (0.59)	−0.02 (−0.13 to 0.09); P=0.8
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1050	0.99 (0.23)	1.00 (0.22)	0.01 (−0.05 to 0.06); P=0.7
Triglycerides† (mmol/l)	1050	0.82 (0.39 to 1.72)	0.83 (0.40 to 1.74)	0.02 (−0.04 to 0.07); P=0.6
Glucose homeostasis
Glucose (mmol/l)	1008	4.68 (0.58)	4.72 (0.74)	0.03 (−0.23 to 0.29); P=0.8
Insulin† (mU/l)	1008	15.36 (5.07 to 46.52)	18.45 (6.37 to 53.41)	0.18 (0.03 to 0.33); P=0.02
HOMA score†	1003	3.16 (1.00 to 10.00)	3.79 (1.22 to 11.73)	0.18 (0.04 to 0.32); P=0.015

HDL=high density lipoprotein; HOMA=homoeostasis modal assessment; LDL=low density lipoprotein.

*Based on linear regression models with robust standard errors.

†Values for intervention and control areas are geometric means and 95% reference ranges; mean differences are on log scale.