Table 1.

Proliferation and cytokine production of CD4⁺ T cells from GM-CSF −/− and +/+ mice immunized with KLH

CD4+ cell	APC*	Pulsed KLH, μg/ml	[3H]Thymidine uptake,† cpm ± SD	IFN-γ, units/ml	IL-2, pg/ml	IL-4, units/ml
Exp. 1
+/+	Spleen cells	100	68,437  ±  12,395	46.9	65.3	218.3
−/−	Spleen cells	100	10,386  ±  3,284	3.4	139.3	30.5
Exp. 2
+/+	B cells	10	62,285  ±  15,689	85.6	20.5	59.2
−/−	B cells	10	8,477  ±  2,475	<2.0	70.3	6.6
−/−‡	B cells‡	10	39,884  ±  6,008	30.1	22.1	24.3

Results shown here come from the analysis of individual mice. Comparable results have been obtained in repeated experiments. 

^*Autologous spleen cells or B cells were used as APC. 

^†Mean ± SD of triplicate determinations using CD4⁺ T cells and APC from the same mouse. 

^‡CD4⁺ T cells and B cells were from GM-CSF −/− mice supplemented with rGM-CSF in vivo.