β-Gal levels in AdCMVLacZ- and AdCMVNOS-transduced cerebral arteries 24 h after gene transfer. (A) β-Gal levels in basilar and middle cerebral arteries of same dogs after in vivo gene transfer (final viral titer in CSF, 109 pfu/ml). (B) β-Gal levels in basilar arteries of same dogs after ex vivo gene transfer (final viral titers in the incubation media, 108, 109, and 1010 pfu/ml). Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4 from 4 dogs). ∗, P < 0.05, LacZ vs. eNOS (one-way factorial ANOVA).