Uncoupling of NIK from TRAF3-mediated negative regulation renders B cells independent of BAFF-R signaling. (A) FACS analysis of splenic B cell populations. Bold red numbers indicate the average number of mature B220+AA4.1− splenic B cells (× 106) (n = 2–4). The numbers next to individual gates refer to the percentages of transitional B220+AA4.1+ and mature splenic B cells (Upper) or of mature follicular IgMlowIgDhigh B cells (Lower) of total lymphocytes. (B) Immunohistochemical analysis of spleen sections. Anti-B220 (blue) stains follicular B cells inside the ring of MOMA1+ (red) metallophilic macrophages. (Magnification: ×200.) (C) Cytoplasmic (C) and nuclear (N) levels of PKCδ, p100/p52, RelB, IκBα, p105/p50, and RelA analyzed by Western blotting in extracts prepared from B cells cultured in medium with or without 500 ng of BAFF/ml for 24 h. Tubulin and lamin B1 levels demonstrate purity and equal loading of cytosolic and nuclear fractions, respectively. This experiment was repeated once with identical results.