Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the two treatment groups (n = 209 for each group)
| Clomiphene-only group | Clomiphene plus metformin group | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 27.9 ± 4.0 | 28.3 ± 4.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.0 ± 8.9 | 34.2 ± 8.4 |
| Duration infertility (months) | 41.4 ± 39.4 | 40.7 ± 36.0 |
| Previous conception (%) | 36.8 | 32.1 |
| Previous live birth (%) | 15.8 | 13.4 |
| Polycystic ovarian appearance (%) | 91.9 | 91.9 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 22.6 ± 20.7 | 22.4 ± 30.0 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 89.2 ± 16.5 | 88.9 ± 18.6 |
| Total testosterone (ng/ml) | 61.3 ± 32.0 | 63.1 ± 28.4 |
| Free androgen index | 9.4 ± 7.1 | 9.4 ± 6.8 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.2 ± 5.3 | 5.6 ± 10.2 |
Values are expressed as mean ± sd. There were no significant differences between the two groups. BMI, Body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [calculated as insulin (μU/ml) × glucose (mg/dl)/405].