Table 1.
Body mass estimates for Eocene and early Oligocene South Asian primates (Thailand, Myanmar, Pakistan, India) and representative early taxa of early Eocene Omomyoidea and Adapoidea
| Taxon | Age | M2 length | M1 area | Our estimate body weight, g | Previous estimates (Ref.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adapoidea | |||||
| Marcgodinotius indicus(n = 2) | Early Eocene | 2.23 | — | 132 | — |
| Asiadapis cambayensis | Early Eocene | 2.83 | — | 270 | — |
| Donrussellia provincialis | Early Eocene | 2.3 | 5.67 | 144, 74 | 40 g (43) |
| Superfamily affinity uncertain | |||||
| Suratius robustus | Early Eocene | 2.75 | — | 248 | — |
| Altanius orlovi | Early Eocene | 1.2 | 1.78 | 17, 10 | 10 g-30 g (44) |
| Omomyoidea | |||||
| Teilhardina belgica | Early Eocene | 1.73 | 4.29 | 61, 46 | 30–90 (44) |
| Teilhardina asiatica | Early Eocene | 1.78 | 4.68 | 67, 54 | 28 g |
| Steinius vespertinus | Early Eocene | 2.18 | — | 122 | 298 g |
| Vastanomy gracilis | Early Eocene | 2.06 | 5.90 | 103, 80 | — |
| Eosimiidae | |||||
| Altiatlasius koulchii | Late Paleocene | 1.76 | 3.38 | 31, 64 | — |
| Anthrasimias gujaratensis | Early Eocene | — | 5.68 | 75 | — |
| Eosimias sinensis | Middle Eocene | 1.85 | — | 75 | 67–137 (3); 140 (45) |
| Eosimias centennicus | Late middle Eocene | 2.07 (n = 5) | 6.23 | 105, 88 | 64–131 (3); 160 (45) |
| Eosimias dawsonae | Late middle Eocene | 2.40 | — | 164 | 107–276 (3) |
| Bahinia pondaungensis | Late middle Eocene | — | 12.25 | 279 | 570 g (45) |
| Phenacopithecus xueshii | Late middle Eocene | 2.70 | — | 235 | 163–316 g (3) |
| Phenacopithecus krishtalkai | Late middle Eocene | — | 8.50 | 149 | 163–316 g (3) |
| Phileosimias brahuiorum | Early Oligocene | 2.60 | 7.26 | 114, 209 | 250 g (25) |
| Phileosimias kamali | Early Oligocene | 2.60 | 8.60 | 152 | 250 g (25) |
| Amphipithecidae | |||||
| Siamopithecus eocaenus | Late Eocene | 6.26 (n = 2) | 43.7 | — | 5.9 kg (45) |
| Pondaungiaspp. | Late middle Eocene | 6.92 | 33.8 | — | 5,900 g (45) |
| Myanmarpithecus yarshensis | Late middle Eocene | 4.17 | 18.8 | 870, 583 | 1,800 g (45) |
| Bugtipithecus inexpectans | Early Oligocene | — | 7.82 | 129 | 350 g (25) |
A new body mass is not proposed for Pondaungia and Siamopithecus, because such an estimate would be an extrapolation from the size range on which the size estimates are based. The formulae for estimation of body mass in grams for 10 genera of prosimians: from lower second molar length: (3.019 × ln m2 length) + 2.459 with an r2 of 0.458; from upper first molar area: (1.716 × ln M1 area) + 1.333 with an r2 of 0.55.