Figure 1.

Persistent memory after a single session of appetitive conditioning. Wild-type flies were food deprived for 16–20 h and were conditioned with odor and sucrose reinforcement (as described in Materials and Methods). After training, they were housed in empty vials with water-dampened filter paper until they were tested. Different populations were tested once for odor memory 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36 h after training. Beyond 36 h, a significant number of animals perished, presumably of starvation. However, those that survived displayed robust memory performance. Error bars are SEM. All n ≥ 8.