Figure 4.

Appetitive memory is quickly consolidated and is disrupted by crammer, tequila, and radish mutation. A, Appetitive memory becomes resistant to disruption by cold-shock anesthesia within 2 h after training. Different populations of wild-type flies were subjected to a 2 min cold-shock anesthesia 1 h before, immediately after, or 2 or 12 h after training (open diamonds). They were then allowed to recover and were tested for 24 h appetitive memory. Only the performance of flies that were anesthetized immediately after training differed from that of the other groups and from flies that had not been anesthetized (filled square). All n ≥ 8. B, Twenty-four-hour appetitive memory is disrupted in crammer, tequila, and radish mutant flies. Twenty-four-hour memory performance of cer, teq, and rsh mutant flies was statistically different from wild-type flies. All n ≥ 12. C, Three-hour appetitive MTM is unaffected by cer and teq mutation but is significantly disrupted by rsh mutation. Three-hour memory performance of rsh flies was statistically different from that of all other groups. All n ≥ 11. Error bars are SEM. Asterisks denote a significant difference (p < 0.05) from all other unmarked groups.