Figure 5.

Neurotransmission from MB α′β′ neurons and DPM neurons is required for consolidation of appetitive LTM, whereas transmission from MB αβ neurons is only required for retrieval. The temperature shift protocols are shown pictographically above each graph. A, The permissive temperature of 25°C does not affect 24 h appetitive LTM of any of the lines used in this study. All genotypes were trained and tested for 24 h memory at 25°C. All n ≥ 8. B, Blocking DPM neuron or MB α′β′ neuron output, but not MB αβ neuron output, for 1 h immediately after training severely impairs 24 h appetitive LTM. Flies were trained at 25°C, and immediately after training, they were shifted to 31°C for 60 min. Flies were then returned to 25°C and stored in empty vials until they were tested for 24 h appetitive LTM at 25°C. All n ≥ 11. C, Blocking MB αβ neuron output, but not DPM neuron or MB α′β′ neuron output, during testing abolishes 24 h appetitive LTM. Flies were trained at 25°C and stored in empty vials for 24 h. They were then shifted to 31°C for 15 min before they were tested for appetitive LTM. All n ≥ 8. Error bars are SEM. Asterisks denote a significant difference (p < 0.05) from all other unmarked groups. All flies harbor one copy of the uas-shi ^ts1 transgene.