Table 2.
Ultrastructural changes in the X-ray-irradiated skin of Albino rats
| Features of cell damage | Features of increased metabolic activity | Features of apoptosis |
|---|---|---|
| Destruction of the spinous layer | Increased euchromatin | Cytoplasmic vacuolization |
| Decreased irregularity of the basal cell borders | Irregularity of the nuclear membrane | Reduced nuclear and cytoplasmic areas |
| Swollen mitochondria and dilated RER cisternae | Margination of the chromatin | Condensation of the nuclear chromatin |
| Decreased ribosomes, IF,NMG, MG | Prominence of the nucleoli | Abnormal RER |
| Fragmentation of the keratohyaline granules | Large Langerhans' cells | Abnormal mitochondria |
| Decrease complement of organelles in the hair follicle | Increased branching of the melanocytes | |
| Loss of the desmosomes | ||
| Widening of the intercellular spaces | ||
| Depletion of the lipid droplets in SGA |
The ultrastructural features of cellular injury, increased metabolic activity and apoptosis in the X-ray irradiated and X-ray irradiated skin pretreated with melatonin.