Demographics |
|
|
|
Age |
|
|
<.0001 |
18–45 years (%) |
7.6 |
9.1 |
45–64 years (%) |
46.5 |
51.0 |
≥65 years (%) |
46.0 |
40.0 |
Race/ethnicity |
|
|
<.0001 |
African American (%) |
16.3 |
14.9 |
Asian/Pacific Islander (%) |
13.6 |
16.5 |
Latino (%) |
15.1 |
16.9 |
White (%) |
46.9 |
43.3 |
Other (%) |
8.1 |
8.5 |
Female (%) |
57.5 |
51.6 |
<.0001 |
BMI |
|
|
<.0001 |
<25 (%) |
14.9 |
16.8 |
25–29 (%) |
28.9 |
33.3 |
≥30 (%) |
56.2 |
50.0 |
Education |
|
|
.0022 |
<High school (%) |
22.2 |
19.9 |
High school graduate (%) |
30.9 |
29.5 |
Some college (%) |
47.0 |
50.6 |
Annual income |
|
|
<.0001 |
<$15,000 (%) |
26.7 |
22.1 |
$15,000–$39,999 (%) |
36.9 |
34.4 |
$40,000–$74,999 (%) |
23.4 |
27.2 |
>$75,000 (%) |
13.0 |
16.4 |
Clinical characteristics |
|
|
|
BMI |
|
|
<.0001 |
Normal weight (%) |
14.9 |
16.8 |
Overweight (%) |
28.9 |
33.3 |
Obese (%) |
56.2 |
50.0 |
Type of treatment |
|
|
<.0001 |
Controlled with diet and physical activity (%) |
7.9 |
7.8 |
Oral medications only (%) |
59.1 |
64.8 |
Insulin only (%) |
19.2 |
16.2 |
Insulin and oral medications (%) |
13.8 |
11.2 |
Pain symptoms at baseline (%) |
65.8 |
58.1 |
<.0001 |
Depressive symptoms at baseline (%) |
24.0 |
14.5 |
<.0001 |
Major comorbidity at baseline (%) |
13.6 |
9.3 |
<.0001 |
Neighborhood characteristics |
|
|
|
Neighborhood crime is a problem (%) |
23.9 |
23.5 |
.59 |
Neighborhood trash and litter is a problem (%) |
9.4 |
8.5 |
.29 |
Local access to recreational facilities is a problem (%) |
15.7 |
11.5 |
<.0001 |
Neighborhood lighting at night is a problem (%) |
9.7 |
8.1 |
.29 |