Table 5.

Application of MI Concepts Before and After Behavior Change Counseling Course as Measured by the VASE-R

Assessed concept	Pre-assessment mean	Post-assessment mean	Effect size (Cohen’s d) using σpooled	P-value
Reflective listening I	1.22	1.69	1.01	<0.001
Reflective listening II	1.27	1.51	0.53	0.006
Responding to resistance	0.80	1.22	0.59	0.004
Summarizing	0.98	1.55	0.89	<0.001
Eliciting change talk	1.02	1.69	1.25	<0.001
Developing discrepancy	1.73	1.80	0.14	0.322
Total exam	7.02	9.47	1.54	<0.001

†Responses were scored from 0 to 2, with 2 being the highest, for how well the concept was applied

‡Only those who completed both the pre/post assessment (50 of 53, 94%) were analyzed