TABLE 1.

Phenotypic description of the studied cohorts and results of the mutation screening

	n (% male)	Mean age (SD)	Mean BMI (SD)	Mutations	Synonymous	Nonsynonymous	Nonsynonymous loss of function
Control subjects	2,677 (41)	48 (11)	22.6 (2.7)	0.75 (20)	0.22 (6)	0.52 (14)	0.15 (4)
Children	526 (47)	10 (4)	—	2.66 (14)	0.38 (1)	2.47 (13)	1.81 (11)
Lille	433 (49)	11 (3)	—	2.30 (10)	0.00 (0)	2.31 (10)	2.31 (10)
Toulouse	93 (36)	5 (2)	—	4.30 (4)	1.08 (1)	3.23 (3)	1.08 (1)
French adults	863 (30)	44 (14)	41.8 (8.8)	3.24 (28)	0.23 (2)	3.01 (26)	2.32 (20)
Class I-II	160 (36)	48 (15)	36.8 (2.9)	2.50 (4)	0.00 (0)	2.50 (4)	1.25 (2)
Class III	703 (24)	44 (12)	47.0 (7.2)	3.41 (24)	0.28 (2)	3.13 (22)	2.56 (18)
Swiss adults	868 (23)	43 (11)	43.2 (7.3)	1.61 (14)	0.23 (2)	1.38 (12)	0.92 (8)
Class I-II	297 (23)	42 (11)	36.3 (3.2)	0.67 (2)	0.34 (1)	0.34 (1)	0.34 (1)
Class III	571 (23)	43 (10)	46.8 (6.2)	2.10 (12)	0.18 (1)	1.93 (11)	1.23 (7)
All adults	1,731 (28)	46 (13)	42.3 (8.4)	2.43 (42)	0.23 (4)	2.19 (38)	1.61 (28)
Class I-II	457 (33)	47 (14)	34.9 (3.1)	1.31 (6)	0.21 (1)	1.09 (5)	0.65 (3)
Class III	1,274 (24)	45 (12)	47.4 (6.9)	2.82 (36)	0.26 (3)	2.59 (33)	1.96 (25)
All obese	2,257	—	—	2.48 (56)	0.22 (5)	2.26 (51)	1.72 (39)

Data are percent of carriers in the cohort (n of carriers) unless otherwise indicated. BMI of the Swiss individuals was documented before surgery.