Table 1.
General characteristics of the study population (N = 5128), their bivariate association with HIV-1 antibody status, and results from random effects multiple regression model.
| Variables | Number | % | HIV+ | p* | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Sample source | Detoxification center | 2871 | 56.0 | 5.8 | 0.002 | 1 | |
| Community | 1621 | 31.6 | 4.0 | 0.77 (0.55–1.09) | 0.143 | ||
| Others1 | 636 | 12.4 | 7.6 | 0.66 (0.46–0.93) | 0.019 | ||
| Gender | Male | 4348 | 84.8 | 5.5 | 0.940 | 1 | |
| Female | 780 | 15.2 | 5.4 | 0.73 (0.50–1.07) | 0.111 | ||
| Age | <= 30 | 2676 | 52.2 | 6.2 | 0.012 | 1.04 (0.80–1.36) | 0.750 |
| > 30 | 2452 | 47.8 | 4.6 | 1 | |||
| Marital status | live without partner | 2821 | 55.0 | 5.1 | 0.195 | 1 | |
| live with partner | 2307 | 45.0 | 5.9 | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 0.991 | ||
| Place of residence | Local | 4393 | 85.7 | 5.9 | < 0.001 | 1 | |
| Transient | 735 | 14.3 | 2.5 | 1.27 (0.64–2.51) | 0.490 | ||
| Nation | Han | 3794 | 74.0 | 2.9 | < 0.001 | 1 | |
| Minority | 1334 | 26.0 | 12.7 | 1.38 (0.93–2.04) | 0.107 | ||
| Education | <= 9 years | 1710 | 33.4 | 9.0 | < 0.001 | 1 | |
| > 9 years | 3418 | 66.6 | 3.7 | 1.17 (0.89–1.53) | 0.250 | ||
| Profession | white collar | 1744 | 34.0 | 8.6 | < 0.001 | 1.18 (0.85–1.64) | 0.313 |
| blue collar | 3384 | 66.0 | 3.8 | 1 | |||
| Monthly income | <= 600 | 2147 | 41.9 | 6.9 | < 0.001 | 1 | |
| 601–2000 | 1127 | 22.0 | 4.5 | 1.56 (1.13–2.15) | 0.007 | ||
| > 2000 | 313 | 6.1 | 1.9 | 0.51 (0.24–1.08) | 0.080 | ||
| Missing | 1541 | 30.1 | 4.7 | 1.05 (0.79–1.39) | 0.751 | ||
| Age at first drug use | <= 30 | 4189 | 81.7 | 5.5 | 0.05 | 1 | |
| > 30 | 707 | 13.8 | 4.1 | 0.71 (0.48–1.05) | 0.088 | ||
| Missing | 232 | 4.5 | 1.6 | 0.79 (0.38–1.65) | 0.532 | ||
| IDU and sharing needles (ever) | no IDU | 2411 | 47.0 | 3.7 | < 0.001 | 1 | |
| IDU, no sharing of needles | 1506 | 29.4 | 4.9 | 1.89 (1.37–2.61) | < 0.001 | ||
| IDU, sharing needles | 1211 | 23.6 | 9.5 | 3.15 (2.29–4.33) | < 0.001 | ||
| Having commercial sex in last 12 months | No | 4455 | 86.9 | 5.5 | 0.148 | 1 | |
| Yes | 85 | 1.7 | 9.4 | 1.33 (0.66–2.70) | 0.4265 | ||
| Missing information | 588 | 11.5 | 4.4 | 0.73 (0.50–1.06) | 0.102 | ||
| STD symptoms in last 12 months | No | 4418 | 86.2 | 5.3 | 0.338 | 1 | |
| Yes | 710 | 13.9 | 6.2 | 0.76 (0.55–1.05) | 0.100 |
1Outreach programs, contacts of known IDU, unknown.
p* Chi-Square