Table 1.
Comparison of clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients and controls
| Patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Controls | MI | UA | Combined ACS |
| n | 81 | 42 | 52 | 94 |
| Female% | 21 | 30 | 38 | 34 |
| Smoker% | 14 | 46 | 33 | 39** |
| CHD% | 0 | 32 | 55 | 44*** |
| Diabetic% | 6 | 16 | 33 | 25* |
| Hyperlipidaemic% | 11 | 16 | 38 | 27* |
| Hypertensive% | 10 | 35 | 57 | 47*** |
| ST elevation in ECG (%) | 0 | 60 | 0 | 27 |
| Age (years) | 54.86 ± 0.99 | 56.21 ± 2.28 | 60.83 ± 1.93 | 58.67 ± 1.49 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.98 ± 0.47 | 26.71 ± 0.75 | 26.70 ± 0.59 | 26.70 ± 0.47 |
| Waist: hip ratio | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 1.02 ± 0.02 | 1.09 ± 0.03 | 1.06 ± 0.02*** |
| Fasting blood sugar (mmol/l) | 5.59 ± 0.16 | 8.55 ± 0.99 | 8.20 ± 0.91 | 8.37 ± 0.67** |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.57 ± 0.17 | 5.78 ± 0.19 | 5.83 ± 0.26 | 5.79 ± 0.12*** |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.10 (0.76–1.72) | 0.88 (0.76–1.46) | 1.28 (0.86–1.87) | 1.63 (1.05–2.00)** |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.32 ± 0.03 | 1.17 ± 0.03 | 1.20 ± 0.04 | 1.19 ± 0.02*** |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.72 ± 0.13 | 3.57 ± 0.06 | 3.58 ± 0.16 | 3.57 ± 0.09*** |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 122.77 ± 1.24 | 123.45 ± 5.36 | 138.37 ± 4.07 | 131.63 ± 3.38*** |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.00 ± 1.05 | 83.57 ± 4.40 | 83.87 ± 2.19 | 83.73 ± 2.30*** |
MI, myocardial infarction; UA, unstable angina; ACS, acute coronary syndrome. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, or medial and interquartile range. Between-group comparisons were assessed using the unpaired t-test for normally distributed data and Mann–Whitney test for non-parametric data
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01,
***
P < 0.001).