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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2008 Mar 20;36(1):69–78. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.08.015

Table 1.

Demographics of Pain Behavior Subgroups for Sample 1 and Sample 2

Pain Subgroups
Low Behavior High Guarding High Guarding/Active Rubbing High Guarding/Rigidity High Active Rubbing
Sample 1
n = 16 11 7 7 5
Disease Duration
 Mean Years (SD) 9.7(12.4) 15.3(7.4) 15.3(13.1) 17.1(8.1) 10.1(8.1)
Age
 Mean Years (SD) 52.1(15.7) 59.5(14.0) 64.9(13.3) 60.1(5.9) 48.8(10.1)
Sex
 Female 88% 73% 71% 86% 100%
Race
 White 94% 73% 71% 71% 100%
 African American 6% 27% 14% 29%
Sample 2
n = 11 25 6 4
Disease Duration
 Mean Years (SD) 11.4(7.8) 13.9(12.2) 12.5(8.8) 17.83.7(6.3)
Age
 Mean Years (SD) 51.4(12.9) 56.8(13.6) 61.0(15.9) 54.8(13.3)
Sex
 Female 82% 80% 83% 75%
Race
 White 82% 72% 83% 100%
 African American 9% 28% 17%

SD = standard deviation.