Figure 2.

A priori estimations of transmitted information between stimuli and responses as a function of the sensory entropy of black symbols (0.22 bits) and colored-shaped stimuli (0.48 bits) in the 3 task conditions (after Miller, 1956). Visual targets conveyed the same information for response selection in all 3 task conditions. In turn, black symbols conveyed varying amounts of information for response selection in the Oddball, NoGo and Switch tasks. In the Switch task, ‘x’ switch cues conveyed 1 more bit of information than ‘+’ repeat cues for updating the active S–R mapping (see Tables 1 and 2 and the “Appendix” section; cf. Koechlin et al., 2003).