Figure 9.

Genetic interactions among SNL1, GLE2, NUP116, and NIC96. (A) High-copy SNL1 suppresses the temperature sensitivity of the gle2–1 mutant and the nic96-G3 mutant. The indicated mutant strains were transformed with either pGAL-SNL1 (pSW534), p2μ-SNL1 (pSW807), pCEN-SNL1 (pSW574), or pRS426 (empty 2μ URA3). The strains were streaked to SM-ura 2% galactose to induce overexpression of Snl1p (left) or on SM-ura-leu 2% glucose (right) and grown for 5 d at 37°C. The gle1–4 cells expressing high-copy SNL1 were also inviable when grown at 30°C (lowest nonpermissive growth temperature). The nic96-G3 colonies are white (right), whereas the other strains are red/pink (left and in B). Therefore, different photographic contrasts were used to document the results. (B) Overexpression of SNL1, GLE2, and NIC96 suppresses the nup116-C lethal phenotype. nup116Δ cells alone or harboring pGAL10-GST-nup116-C (pSW171) (nup116-C) were transformed with a CEN pNUP116 plasmid as a control or with the designated 2μ plasmids harboring SNL1, GLE2, NIC96, KAP95, or NPL4. To select for the respective plasmids, the nup116-C cells were grown on SM-trp-ura 2% galactose (left) or SM-trp-leu 2% galactose (right) for 7 d at 23°C. The nup116Δ cells were grown on SM-ura 2% glucose (left) or SM-leu 2% glucose (right) for 7 d at 37°C. Strains harboring a 2μ GLE1 plasmid behaved the same as those with pKAP95 (no colony formation; our unpublished results).