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Spontaneous secretion of the chemokines induced protein (IP)-10 (a), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (b), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α (c) and MIP-1β (d) in cell culture supernatant was determined by multiplex fluorochrome technique (Luminex). The chemokine concentrations are expressed as pg/ml. Horizontal lines indicate median values. Asterisks indicate the level of significance: *P < 0·05; **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001.
