Stiffness measured using dynamic oscillation test in tracheal strips from 1wk, 3wk, and adult guinea pigs. Muscle strips were at rest (no stimulation) either at a preset length (adapted to generate maximal force) or at a preset load of 5mN. Means and standard errors are shown. N=5 in each age group. The stiffness of tracheal strips from 3wk was found to be the least of the 3 age groups (* p<0.05, ANOVA, LSD) (from Wang et al. 2005×, with permission).