SPTDC dipole signals for coumarin immobilized on one side of different substrates and in different solvents. A: quartz slides in ethanol, B: mica slides in ethanol, C: quartz slides in ethanol, D: quartz slides in toluene, E: quartz slides in hexane. A and B are normalized for the same incident laser energy and the number of slides. Signals C through E are normalized by the absorbed energy, 7 μJ at 396 nm.