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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Microbiol. 2008 Jan 10;16(2):44–47. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2007.12.004

Figure 3. Poliovirus entry events in two cell types.

Figure 3

(A) In HeLa cells, virus interacts with poliovirus receptor (PVR) on the cell surface, then enters rapidly. RNA is released from virions contained in vesicles located just beneath the plasma membrane. Virus entry does not require either clathrin or caveolin, but RNA release depends on ATP, an intact actin cytoskeleton, and tyrosine kinase activity. (B) In brain microvascular endothelial cells, virus ligates PVR, leading to PVR phosphorylation by an unidentified tyrosine kinase, and the recruitment and activation of SHP-2. At approximately 2.5 hrs post-infection, virus enters the cell and concentrates with caveolin in vesicles near the nucleus. Entry and infection depend SHP-2, as well as Rho GTPase, actin rearrangements, dynamin GTPase, and caveolin.