Hypothetical model for the control of Amy32b α-amylase gene expression in aleurone cells. A, Negative regulators (HvWRKY38, BPBF, HRT, and HvMCB1) bind to their corresponding cis-acting elements in the absence of GA. B, Positive regulators (RAMY, SAD, HvGAMYB, and HvMYBS3) bind to corresponding cis-acting elements in the presence of GA. Double lines between proteins indicate that their physical interactions have been detected by BiFC. The arrow denotes the transcription start site; X over the arrow means the transcription of Amy32b is off or at a very low level in the absence of GA.