Enhanced susceptibility of CaMNR1-silenced (TRV:CaMNR1) pepper plants to C. coccodes infection. A, Disease severities were rated on a scale of 0 to 3 (0, no symptoms; 1, weakly visible symptoms; 2, dark brown lesions with mild chlorosis; 3, enlarged dark brown lesions with severe chlorosis). B, Percentages of pepper leaves exhibiting the indicated disease severities at 5 d after inoculation with C. coccodes. Disease severity was rated on more than 50 leaves. The asterisk indicates a significant difference between means as determined by Student's t test (P < 0.05). M, Means of disease severities.